#Simplemind map for sickle cell anemia skin#
Skin ulcers in the legs can occur if small vessels there are blocked. Eye problemsīlindness is caused by blockages in the vessels supplying the eyes. Seizures, strokes, or even coma can result from sickle cell disease. This happens because sickle cell RBCs can’t supply enough oxygen and nutrients. Children are generally shorter but regain their height by adulthood. Delayed growthĭelayed growth often occurs in people with SCD. Patients without a spleen are at higher risk for infections from bacteria such as Streptococcus, Haemophilus, and Salmonella species. Some sickle cell patients will sustain enough damage to their spleen that it becomes shrunken and ceases to function at all.
The spleen may have to be removed due to complications of sickle cell disease in an operation known as a splenectomy. It causes a sudden, painful enlargement of the spleen. Splenic sequestration is a blockage of the splenic vessels by sickle cells. Swollen hands and feet are often the first sign of sickle cell anemia in babies. Hand-foot syndrome occurs when sickle-shaped RBCs block blood vessels in the hands or feet. Sickle cells live for a maximum of 10 to 20 days. This breaking apart of RBCs is called chronic hemolysis. Severe anemiaĪnemia is a shortage of RBCs. The following are types of complications that can result from sickle cell anemia. They can be caused by a variety of circumstances, including: Painful or damaging blockages are called sickle cell crises. SCD can cause severe complications, which appear when the sickle cells block vessels in different areas of the body. What complications can arise from sickle cell anemia? They may have no symptoms or reduced symptoms. People who only inherit a mutated gene (hemoglobin S) from one parent are said to have sickle cell trait. These types of sickle cell disease are more rare and usually don’t have severe symptoms. Hemoglobin SD, hemoglobin SE, and hemoglobin SO It is associated with a poorer prognosis. However, sometimes the symptoms of beta zero thalassemia are more severe.
Sickle beta-zero thalassemia is the fourth type of sickle cell disease. If inherited with the Hb S gene, you will have hemoglobin S beta thalassemia. The size of the red blood cell is reduced because less beta protein is made. Hemoglobin SB+ (beta) thalassemia affects beta globin gene production. Individuals with Hb SC have similar symptoms to individuals with Hb SS. It occurs when you inherit the Hb C gene from one parent and the Hb S gene from the other. Hemoglobin SC disease is the second most common type of sickle cell disease. As the most severe form of SCD, individuals with this form also experience the worst symptoms at a higher rate. It occurs when you inherit copies of the hemoglobin S gene from both parents. Hemoglobin SS disease is the most common type of sickle cell disease. The four main types of sickle cell anemia are caused by different mutations in these genes. It normally has two alpha chains and two beta chains. Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. What are the types of sickle cell disease?
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